Grade 12 Courses

CHEMISTRY, GRADE 12, UNIVERSITY PREPARATION – ELECTIVE (SCH4U)

Description :
This course enables students to deepen their understanding of chemistry through the study of organic chemistry, energy changes and rates of reaction, chemical systems and equilibrium, electrochemistry, and atomic and molecular structure. Students will further develop problem solving and laboratory skills as they investigate chemical processes, at the same time refining their ability to communicate scientific information. Emphasis will be placed upon the importance of chemistry to daily life, and on evaluating the impact of chemical technology on the environment.
Prerequisite : Chemistry, Grade 11, University Preparation SCH 3U

BIOLOGY, GRADE 12, UNIVERSITY PREPARATION – ELECTIVE (SBI4U)

Description : This course provides students with the opportunity for in-depth study of the concepts and processes associated with biological systems. Students will study theory and conduct investigations in the areas of metabolic processes, molecular genetics, homeostasis, evolution, and population dynamics. Emphasis will be placed on achievement of the detailed knowledge and refined skills needed for further study in various branches of the life sciences and related fields.
Prerequisite : Biology, Grade 11, University Preparation

FUNCTIONS, GRADE 11, UNIVERSITY PREPARATION – COMPULSORY (MCR3U)

Description : This course introduces the mathematical concept of the function by extending students’ experiences with linear and quadratic relations. Students will investigate properties of discrete and continuous functions, including trigonometric and exponential functions; represent functions numerically, algebraically, and graphically; solve problems involving applications of functions; investigate inverse functions; and develop facility in determining equivalent algebraic expressions. Students will reason mathematically and communicate their thinking as they solve multi-step problems.
Prerequisite : Principles of Mathematics, Grade 10, Academic

CALCULUS AND VECTORS, GRADE 12, UNIVERSITY PREPARATION – ELECTIVE (MCV4U)

Description : This course builds on students’ previous experience with functions and their developing understanding of rates of change. Students will solve problems involving geometric and algebraic representations of vectors and representations of lines and planes in three dimensional space; broaden their understanding of rates of change to include the derivatives of polynomial, sinusoidal, exponential, rational, and radical functions; and apply these concepts and skills to the modeling of real-world relationships. Students will also refine their use of the mathematical processes necessary for success in senior mathematics. This course is intended for students who choose to pursue careers in fields such as science, engineering, economics, and some areas of business, including those students who will be required to take a university-level calculus, linear algebra, or physics course.
Note : The Advanced Functions course (MHF4U) must be taken prior to or concurrently with Calculus and Vectors (MCV4U).

CANADIAN AND INTERNATIONAL LAW, GRADE 12, UNIVERSITY PREPARATION – ELECTIVE (CLN4U)

Description : This course explores elements of Canadian law and the role of law in social, political, and global contexts. Students will learn about the connections between the historical and philosophical sources of law and issues in contemporary society. They will also learn to analyse legal issues, conduct independent research, and communicate the results of their inquiries in a variety of ways.
Prerequisite : Any university or university/college preparation course in Canadian and World Studies, English, or Social Sciences and Humanities.

ENGLISH, GRADE 12, UNIVERSITY PREPARATION – COMPULSORY (ENG4U)

Description : This course emphasizes consolidation of literacy, critical thinking, and communication skills. Students will analyse a range of challenging texts from various time periods, countries, and cultures; write analytical and argumentative essays and a major paper for an independent literary research project; and apply key concepts to analyse media works. An important focus will be on understanding academic language and using it coherently and confidently in discussion and argument.
Prerequisite : English, Grade 11, University Preparation

ENGLISH, GRADE 12, COLLEGE PREPARATION – COMPULSORY (ENG4C)

Description : This course emphasizes the consolidation of literacy, communication, and critical and creative thinking skills necessary for success in academic and daily life. Students will analyse a variety of informational and graphic texts, as well as literary texts from various countries and cultures, and create oral, written, and media texts in a variety of forms for practical and academic purposes. An important focus will be on using language with precision and clarity and developing greater control in writing. The course is intended to prepare students for college or the workplace.
Prerequisite : English, Grade 11, College Preparation

ADVANCED FUNCTIONS, GRADE 12, UNIVERSITY PREPARATION – ELECTIVE (MHF4U)

Description : This course extends students’ experience with functions. Students will investigate the properties of polynomial, rational, logarithmic, and trigonometric functions; develop techniques for combining functions; broaden their understanding of rates of change; and develop facility in applying these concepts and skills. Students will also refine their use of the mathematical processes necessary for success in senior mathematics. This course is intended both for students taking the Calculus and Vectors course as a prerequisite for a university program and for those wishing to consolidate their understanding of mathematics before proceeding to any one of a variety of university programs.
Prerequisite : Functions, Grade 11, University Preparation, or Mathematics for College Technology, Grade 12, College Preparation

ANALYSING CURRENT ECONOMIC ISSUES, GRADE 12, UNIVERSITY PREPARATION – ELECTIVE (CIA4U)

Description :
This course explores the choices that individuals and societies make about the use of resources in a competitive global economy. Students will use economic concepts and models, as well as methods of economic inquiry, to Listed in alphabetical order starting with Compulsories and then followed by
Electives:
Course Descriptions for Grade 12Chemistry, Grade 12, University Preparation – Elective (SCH4U) This course enables students to deepen their understanding of chemistry through the study of organic chemistry, energy changes and rates of reaction, chemical systems and equilibrium, electrochemistry, and atomic and molecular structure. Students will further develop problem-solving and laboratory skills as they investigate chemical processes, at the same time refining their ability to communicate scientific information. Emphasis will be placed on the importance of chemistry in daily life, and on evaluating the impact of chemical technology on the environment.
Prerequisite : Chemistry, Grade 11, University Preparation

DRAMATIC ARTS, GRADE 12, UNIVERSITY/COLLEGE PREPARATION- ELECTIVE (ADA4M)

Description : This course requires students to experiment with forms and conventions in dramatic literature, and to create/adapt and present dramatic works. Students will do research on dramatic forms, conventions, themes, and theories of acting and directing from different historical periods, and apply their knowledge of these in analysing and interpreting dramatic literature, including Canadian works and works from various cultures in the late twentieth century. Students will also examine the significance of dramatic arts in various cultures.
Prerequisite : Dramatic Arts, Grade 11, University/College Preparation or Open

FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING FUNDAMENTALS, GRADE 11, UNIVERSITY/COLLEGE PREPARATION – ELECTIVE (BAF3M)

Description : This course introduces students to the fundamental principles and procedures of accounting. Students will develop financial analysis and decision-making skills that will assist them in future studies and/or career opportunities in business. Students will acquire an understanding of accounting for a service and a merchandising business, computerized accounting, financial analysis, and ethics and current issues in accounting.
Prerequisite : None

EARTH AND SPACE SCIENCE, GRADE 12, UNIVERSITY PREPARATION – ELECTIVE (SES4U)

Description :
This course focuses on the Earth as a planet, and on the basic concepts and theories of Earth science and their relevance to everyday life. Students will examine the Earth’s place in the solar system and, after a general introduction to Earth science, will explore in more detail the materials of the Earth, its internal and surficial processes, and its history. The course draws on astronomy, biology, chemistry, mathematics, and physics in its consideration of geological processes that can be observed directly or inferred from other evidence.
Prerequisite : Science, Grade 10, Academic

CANADIAN AND WORLD ISSUES: A GEOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS, GRADE 12, UNIVERSITY PREPARATION – ELECTIVE (CGW4U)

Description : This course draws on geographic concepts, skills, methods, and technologies to analyse significant issues facing Canadians as citizens of an interdependent world. Students will examine the challenges of creating a sustainable and equitable future through the study of a range of topics, including economic interdependence, geopolitical conflict, regional disparities in the ability to meet basic human needs, and protection of the planet’s life-support systems.
Prerequisite : Any university or university/college preparation course in Canadian and World Studies, English, or Social Sciences and Humanities

CANADIAN AND WORLD POLITICS, GRADE 12, UNIVERSITY PREPARATION – ELECTIVE (CPW4U)

Description : This course examines national and international political issues from a variety of perspectives. Students will learn about the rights and responsibilities of individuals, groups, and states within the international community; analyse the different ways in which Canada tries to settle its conflicts with other nations; and evaluate the role of nationalist and internationalist ideologies in shaping relations among states.
Prerequisite :Any university or university/college preparation course in Canadian and World Studies, English, or Social Sciences and Humanities

CHALLENGE AND CHANGE IN SOCIETY, GRADE 12, UNIVERSITY/COLLEGE PREPARATION – ELECTIVE (HSB4M)

Description : This course examines the theories and methodologies used in anthropology, psychology, and sociology to investigate and explain shifts in knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and behaviour and their impact on society. Students will analyse cultural, social, and biological patterns in human societies, looking at the ways in which those patterns change over time. Students will also explore the ideas of classical and contemporary social theorists, and will apply those ideas to the analysis of contemporary trends.
Prerequisite : Any university or university/college preparation course in Canadian and World Studies, English, or Social Sciences and Humanities

EXERCISE SCIENCE, GRADE 12, UNIVERSITY PREPARATION – ELECTIVE (PSE4U)

Description : This course focuses on the study of human movement and of systems, factors, and principles involved in human development. Students will learn about the effects of physical activity on health and performance, the evolution of physical activity and sports, and the factors that influence an individual’s participation in physical activity. The course prepares students for university programs in physical education, kinesiology, recreation, and sports administration.
Prerequisite : Any Grade 11 university or university/college preparation course in Science, or any Grade 11 or 12 open course in Health and Physical Education

FASHION DESIGN, GRADE 12, UNIVERSITY/COLLEGE PREPARATION, ELECTIVE (AWI4M)

Description :
Students will continue to study the fashion figure, using it as a basis for designing garments. They will continue the study of textile art, jewelry creation, and illustration. Students will develop a basic knowledge of pattern design. With these skills students will solve design problems. The emphasis of this course is on developing skills to enable students to enter a college fashion program. Students will produce a body of work demonstrating a personal approach. Students will expand their knowledge of the world of Fashion Design, as well as expand their sewing skills. With a focus on Portfolio development the students will create a proposal for a body of work that relates to a specific aspect of the Fashion Industry.
Prerequisite : AWI3M and basic sewing skills

FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES, GRADE 12, UNIVERSITY/COLLEGE (BAT4M)

Description :
This course introduces students to advanced accounting principles that will prepare them for post-secondary studies in business. Students will learn about financial statements for various forms of business ownership and how those statements are interpreted in making business decisions. This course expands students’ knowledge of sources of financing, further develops accounting methods for assets, and introduces accounting for partnerships and corporations.
Prerequisite : Financial Accounting Fundamentals, Grade 11, University/College Preparation

FRENCH (CORE), GRADE 12, UNIVERSITY PREPARATION – ELECTIVE (FSF4U)

Description :
This course draws on a variety of themes to promote extensive development of French language skills. Students will consolidate their oral skills as they discuss literature, culture, and current issues. They will read a variety of texts and will write a formal essay. The use of correct grammar and appropriate language conventions in both spoken and written French will be emphasized throughout the course.
Prerequisites: Core French, Grade 11, University Preparation

INDIVIDUALS AND FAMILIES IN A DIVERSE SOCIETY, GRADE 12, UNIVERSITY/ COLLEGE PREPARATION – ELECTIVE (HHS4M)

Description : This course applies current theories and research from the disciplines of anthropology, psychology, and sociology to the study of individual development, family behaviour, intimate and parent-child relationships, and the ways in which families interact within the diverse Canadian society. Students will learn the interpersonal skills required to contribute to the well-being of families, and the investigative skills required to conduct and evaluate research about individuals and families.
Prerequisite : Any university, university/college, or college preparation course in Social Sciences and Humanities, English, or Canadian and World Studies

INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS FUNDAMENTALS, GRADE 12, UNIVERSITY/COLLEGE PREPARATION – ELECTIVE (BBB4M)

Description :
This course provides an overview of the importance of international business and trade in the global economy and explores the factors that influence success in international markets. Students will learn about the techniques and strategies associated with marketing, distribution, and managing international business effectively. This course prepares students for postsecondary programs in business, including international business, marketing, and management.
Prerequisite : Any university, university/college, or college preparation course in Business Studies or Canadian and World Studies

MATHEMATICS OF DATA MANAGEMENT, GRADE 12, UNIVERSITY PREPARATION – ELECTIVE (MDM4U)

Description :
This course broadens students’ understanding of mathematics as it relates to managing data. Students will apply methods for organizing and analysing large amounts of information; solve problems involving probability and statistics; and carry out a culminating investigation that integrates statistical concepts and skills. Students will also refine their use of the mathematical processes necessary for success in senior mathematics. Students planning to enter university programs in business, the social sciences, and the humanities will find this course of particular interest.
Prerequisite : Functions, Grade 11, University Preparation, or Functions and Applications, Grade 11, University/College Preparation

EXERCISE SCIENCE, GRADE 12, UNIVERSITY PREPARATION – ELECTIVE (PSE4U)

Description :
This course focuses on the study of human movement and of systems, factors, and principles involved in human development. Students will learn about the effects of physical activity on health and performance, the evolution of physical activity and sports, and the factors that influence an individual’s participation in physical activity. The course prepares students for university programs in physical education, kinesiology, recreation, and sports administration.
Prerequisite : Any Grade 11 university or university/college preparation course in Science, or any Grade 11 or 12 open course in Health and Physical Education

FASHION DESIGN, GRADE 12, UNIVERSITY/COLLEGE PREPARATION, ELECTIVE (AWI4M)

FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES, GRADE 12, UNIVERSITY/COLLEGE PREPARATION – ELECTIVE (BAT4M)

FRENCH (CORE), GRADE 12, UNIVERSITY PREPARATION – ELECTIVE (FSF4U)

PERSONAL AND FITNESS ACTIVITIES, GRADE 12, OPEN – ELECTIVE (PAF4O)

Description :
This course focuses on the development of a healthy lifestyle and participation in a variety of enjoyable fitness focused activities. This course will teach the student about weight training, cardiovascular training, strength and endurance as well as flexibility training and nutrition. Students will be encouraged to develop and follow their own gym fitness plan and will be given the tools to achieve their healthy fitness goals. The student will determine the emphasis of his/her program. Fitness levels will be monitored regularly. Evaluation will be based on the student’s ability to reach goals established jointly with the teacher, effort, participation, and record keeping. Students will gain decision-making skills, improve communication skills and develop organizational skills.
Prerequisite : None

PHILOSOPHY: QUESTIONS AND THEORIES, GRADE 12, UNIVERSITY PREPARATION – ELECTIVE (HZT4U)

Description:
This course addresses three (or more) of the main areas of philosophy: metaphysics, logic, epistemology, ethics, social and political philosophy, and aesthetics. Students will learn critical thinking skills, the main ideas expressed by philosophers from a variety of the world’s traditions, how to develop and explain their own philosophical ideas, and how to apply those ideas to contemporary social issues and personal experiences. The course will also help students refine skills used in researching and investigating topics in philosophy.
Prerequisite: Any university, university/college, or college preparation course in Social Sciences and Humanities, English, or Canadian and World Studies

PHYSICS, GRADE 12, UNIVERSITY PREPARATION – ELECTIVE (SPH4U)

Description:
This course enables students to deepen their understanding of the concepts and theories of physics. Students will explore further the laws of dynamics and energy transformations, and will investigate electrical, gravitational, and magnetic fields; electromagnetic radiation; and the interface between energy and matter. They will further develop inquiry skills, learning, for example, how the interpretation of experimental data can provide indirect evidence to support the development of a scientific model. Students will also consider the impact on society and the environment of technological applications of physics.
Prerequisite: Physics, Grade 11, University Preparation

THE ENVIRONMENT AND RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, GRADE 12 UNIVERSITY/ COLLEGE PREPARATION – ELECTIVE (CGR4M)

Description:
This course investigates the complexity and fragility of ecosystems and the effects of human activities on them. Students will study the principles of sustainability and resource management and evaluate various approaches to achieving a more sustainable relationship between the environment, society, and the economy.
Prerequisite: Any university, university/college, or college preparation course in Social Sciences and Humanities, English, or Canadian and World Studies

THE WRITER’S CRAFT, GRADE 12, UNIVERSITY PREPARATION – ELECTIVE (EWC4U)

Description:
This course emphasizes knowledge and skills related to the craft of writing. Students will analyse models of effective writing; use a workshop approach to produce a range of works; identify and use techniques required for specialized forms of writing; and identify effective ways to improve the quality of their writing. They will also complete a major paper as part of a creative or analytical independent study project and investigate opportunities for publication and for writing careers.
Prerequisite: English, Grade 11, University Preparation

VISUAL ARTS, GRADE 12, UNIVERSITY/COLLEGE PREPARATION – ELECTIVE (AVI4M)

Description:
This course focuses on the refinement of students’ skills and knowledge in visual arts. Students will analyse art forms; use theories of art in analysing and producing art; and increase their understanding of stylistic changes in modern and contemporary Western art, Canadian (including Native Canadian) art, and art forms from various parts of the world. Students will produce a body of work demonstrating a personal approach.
Prerequisite: Visual Arts, Grade 11, University/College Preparation or Open

WORLD HISTORY: THE WEST AND THE WORLD, GRADE 12, UNIVERSITY PREPARATION – ELECTIVE (CHY4U)

Description:
This course investigates the major trends in Western civilization and world history from the sixteenth century to the present. Students will learn about the interaction between the emerging West and other regions of the world and about the development of modern social, political, and economic systems. The skills and knowledge developed in this course will enable students to understand and appreciate both the character of historical change and the historical roots of contemporary issues.
Prerequisite: Any university, university/college, or college preparation course in Social Sciences and Humanities, English, or Canadian and World Studies